Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences

As previously reported, the next meeting of the Presidium of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences (ANAS) was held.

The first issue discussed at the meeting was “The 2025 Nobel Prize and Laureates: Priorities of World Science and the Tasks of Azerbaijani Science.”

Speaking on the issue, ANAS President Academician Isa Habibbeyli stated that every year, following the announcement of the Nobel Prize results, it has become a tradition to hear reports on this topic at a meeting of the ANAS Presidium, hold discussions on the priorities of world science, and assess development trends in the position of Azerbaijani science within global science. Academician Isa Habibbeyli noted that doctoral students admitted to ANAS doctoral programs for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy for 2025 are also participating in today’s meeting, and that the report to be presented on the Nobel Prizes will be beneficial for their future scientific activities as well.

Afterwards, ANAS Vice-President Academician Dilgam Taghiyev presented his report on “The 2025 Nobel Prize and Laureates: Priorities of World Science and the Tasks of Azerbaijani Science.”

The academician stated that candidates for the Nobel Prize are nominated by the Swedish and Norwegian Academies, Nobel committees, Nobel laureates, and scholars recommended by the Academy. Each year, the Nobel Foundation sends questionnaires to leading scientists, and information on the discoveries of approximately several thousand scientists is collected and filtered. Several hundred of them are selected as nominees, and from 5–6 main candidates—finalists—no more than three are awarded the Nobel Prize. He noted that to date, the countries with the highest number of Nobel Prizes are the United States (402), the United Kingdom (137), Germany (109), France (68), and Sweden (33), and that of the total 1,020 laureates, 66 are women.

Academician Dilgam Taghiyev pointed out that in 2025, the Abel Prize, regarded as the Nobel Prize in mathematics, was awarded to Masaki Kashiwara (Japan), while the Turing Award in computer science was awarded to Andrew Barto and Richard Sutton (USA).

The speaker also said that the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to U.S. scientists Mary Brunka and Fred Ramstell, and to Shimon Sakaguchi (Japan), for pioneering discoveries in the field of peripheral immunological tolerance that prevent harmful effects of the immune system on the body.

He emphasized that the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to John Clark (United Kingdom, working in the USA), Michel Devoret (France, working at Yale University in the USA), and John Martinis (USA) for experiments proving that quantum phenomena can be observed in objects visible to the human eye.

Academician Dilgam Taghiyev stated that the 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Susumu Kitagawa (Japan), Richard Robson (United Kingdom, working in Australia), and Omar Yaghi (Jordan, working in the USA) for successful research in the creation of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs): “The laureates have created a new form of molecular architecture. In this structure, long organic radicals form crystals with large pores through metals located at nodes (MOF – metal-organic frameworks). When constructing them, building blocks can be selected in such a way that they have the ability to absorb or store molecules of specific sizes. In this regard, their potential capabilities are highly valued.”

He also noted that the Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to Hungarian writer László Krasznahorkai for his convincing and farsighted body of work, which, despite its apocalyptic horrors, once again confirms the power of art.

In addition, he highlighted that the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to Joel Mokyr (USA), Philippe Aghion (France), and Peter Howitt (USA) for explaining economic development based on innovation, as well as the development of the economy and the improvement of human well-being with the help of new artificial intelligence technologies.

It was also stated that Maria Corina Machado was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize from among 366 nominees.

Academician Dilgam Taghiyev also spoke about Nobel laureates from Muslim countries, famous scientists and writers who did not receive the Nobel Prize, as well as certain problems and difficulties related to the award.

The report also noted that today artificial intelligence, quantum computing, environmental solution technologies—green energy, carbon capture technologies, and others—life sciences (medicine, cognitive and biotechnologies), new materials and nanotechnologies, green technologies, and industrial technologies are the main priorities of world science.

At the end of his speech, Academician Dilgam Taghiyev also addressed the main priorities of world science in the field of chemistry and presented the priority areas envisaged for chemical sciences in ANAS’s “Development Strategy and Roadmap” for 2026–2030.

After the report was heard, discussions were held and an appropriate decision was adopted by the Presidium.

Translation by Gulhane Aghayeva, Department of Public Relations, Press, and Information, Presidium of ANAS.

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